S. SAISSI, K. MARBOUH, M. LAROUECH, Y. TAMRAOUI, E. SAAD, L. ZERROUK, B. MANOUN, Y. AIT YASSINE, L. BOUIRDEN
The study back to the equilibrium state of Pb-Cd-Bi alloys was carried out by various experimental techniques such as hardness, microhardness, optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Two structural states were considered: raw casting alloy and rehomogenized alloy, their compositions are: Pb2% Cd1% Bi; Pb2% Cd2% Bi; Pb2% Cd3%Bi and Pb3.2% Cd2% Bi. The experimental temperatures are 20 °C and 80 °C. The latter one was chosen because it corresponds to the temperature of ripening of battery grids and the hot temperature for battery working. In general, the addition of bismuth accelerates the kinetics of transformation and hardness increases. While the addition of cadmium slightly increases the hardness and accelerates kinetics. The aging, which is the hardening step of the alloy, is still characterized by a discontinuous reaction and a hardening processing, while the overaging is characterized by a softening discontinuous precipitation.
aging, alloys, battery grids, hardness, optical microscopy, continuous and discontinuous transformation
331-346