Volume 18 – Issue 1

This paper is the witness of coupling of recently developed Aboodh transform and differential transform method. This coupling is known as Aboodh differential transform method. The proposed method is tested on some linear and nonlinear problems for suitable analytical solution and the obtained results demonstrate reliability and efficiency of the proposed method. It is observed that the presented coupling is an alternative approach to overcome the demerit of complex calculation. This new method is more efficient and easy to handle such differential equations in comparison to other methods. The results reveal the complete reliability that this method is very efficient, simple and applications hence can be extended to other problems of diverse nature.

The purpose of this paper is, to study the scientific computation of initial value problem and to show the details of implementing a few steps of Euler’s method, as well as how to use built-in functions available in MATLAB(2009a)[2]. In the first part, we use Euler methods to introduce the basic ideas associated with initial value problems (IVP). In the second part, we use the Runge-Kutta method presented together with the built-in MATLAB solver Ode45 and Ode23 .The implementations that we develop in this paper are designed to build intuition and are the first step from textbook formula on ODE to production software and also we have studied accuracy and efficiency of various methods

In this paper, comparison results of linear differential equations with fuzzy boundary conditions are examined. It is solved the problem of Liu [17] by using the solution method of Gasilov et al’s [12]. Here, the solution is same as the solutions (1,1) and (2,2) of Liu for the case of positive constant coefficient and the solution is same as the solutions (1,2) and (2,1) of Liu for the case of negative constant coefficient. If the boundary values are symmetric triangular fuzzy numbers, the value of the solution at any time is a symmetric triangular fuzzy number. Several examples are solved about the worked problems.

In this study, non-Newtonian improper integrals were introduced and their convergence conditions were investigated. Furthermore, some main theorems such as the second mean value theorem and intermediate value theorem were proved in the nonNewtonian sense to be given convergence tests.

In this study, the relation between Frenet vectors of the natural lift curve  of the curve  and Frenet vectors of a  bertrand mate of the curve is given in IR^3 and IR ^3_1

This paper is mainly connected with the theory of generating functions for some Laguerre type d-orthogonal polynomials. In this study, we present some theorems giving multilateral and multilinear generating functions for the Laguerre type d-orthogonal polynomials. We also give their sepecial cases

In this paper, we firstly present a new approach for the computation of the energy of the moving particle in a Lie group R for a given reference system K . In this approach, we use geometrical descriptions of the curvature and torsion functions of the curve for the calculation. Then we consider a second reference system ,  K which moves relative to K for an arbitrary direction with a uniform velocity under the Galilean transformation. Finally, we compute the relativistic energy of the moving particle considering relative reference system  K .

In this paper, we define Padovan and Pell-Padovan quaternions. We give Binet-like formulas, generating functions and sums formulas. Moreover we give the matrix representation of Padovan and Pell-Padovan quaternions.

In this paper, we study on modules that have a weak (ample) 𝛿-supplement in every extension which are adapted Zöschinger’s modules with the properties (𝐸) and (𝐸𝐸). It is shown that: (1) Direct summands of modules with the property 𝛿-(𝐶𝑊𝐸) have the property 𝛿-(𝐶𝑊𝐸); (2) For a module 𝑀, if every submodule of 𝑀 has the property 𝛿-(𝐶𝑊𝐸) then so does 𝑀; (3) For a ring 𝑅, 𝑅 is 𝛿-semilocal iff every 𝑅-module has the property 𝛿- (𝐶𝑊𝐸); (4) Every factor module of a finitely generated module that has the property 𝛿- (𝐶𝑊𝐸) also has the property 𝛿-(𝐶𝑊𝐸) under a special condition; (5) Let 𝑀 be a module and 𝐿 be a submodule of 𝑀 such that 𝐿 ≪𝛿 𝑀. If the factor module 𝑀⁄𝐿 has the property 𝛿- (𝐶𝑊𝐸), then so does 𝑀; (6) On a semisimple module the concepts of modules that have the property 𝛿-(𝐶𝐸) and 𝛿-(𝐶𝑊𝐸) coincide with each other.

The main aim of this study is to contribute to the understanding of the organizational change and the effect of the human factor within the management of change in the context of an industry. This article is designed to be a qualitative study in which the quantitative and qualitative data are collected and properly analysed in parallel, the qualitative ones having a greater importance, which means operating with the paradigm change (C), motivation (M) and performance (P). For this phase of the research we have used an improbable (non-random) sampling technique, ie proportional quota sampling followed by a measurement of each item from the established hypotheses, by subdividing components and classifying variables after the causality criterion. Addressing this topic of research started from the idea that any organization, therefore the bank as well, is a social construct that has to be based on strategies defined as „finalization, creation preparation, and management of a human collective action of economic type in a conflictual environment”. The design of the contingent Model of change is due to the limits of the model of Organizational Development (OD) and the prescriptive and planned vision of the unidirectional growth and a stable environment. The main aim of this article is to deepen and discover a reality which is more or less known at the level of common sense. The analysis carried out (The CMP paradigm) may be implemented in the banking system, an open system, in order to regulate the activity of self-regulation.

This paper aims to determine the link between the human resourceexpressed numerically by the number of employees and the financial performance indicators registered at the level of a commercial entity. Financial performance is quantified in this article with three indicators: turnover, total revenue and net profit recorded. In order to analyze the correlations between the dependent variable – the number of employees and the independent variables – turnover, total revenues, net profit, we propose a linear regression model, which is an extremely necessary tool for scientific research of this type.

The article represents a theoretical research which takes into account the statistical model known as Benford’s Law, followed by a quantitative application-based research in which we have used Microsoft Excel elements (statistical and graphical functions) on a set of socio-economic data in order to emphasize how easy it is for a wide range of users to apply the theoretical concepts mentioned.

Let G be a simple connected graph. We redefine adjacency for any two vertices as defined if there is connected two edges between any two vertices, ݅ and ݆. This vertices are called two adjacency and denoted by i~_2 j . In this study, we defined 2-adjacency Laplacian matrix and denoted by L~^2 (G) from by above definition and we find a lower bound for 2-spectral radius which is denoted byµ~^2 (G) and present an open problem L~^2 (G).

The actual EU Digital Agenda – as one of the seven pillars of the Europe 2020 Strategy – suggests to exploit in a better way the massive potential offered by ICTs, with the view to promote innovation, economic growth and progress. In this respect, it stipulates to consolidate the European citizens’ ICT competences and skills, by improving the long-term implementation of both digital literacy and e-skills policies for the labour market. It is more than obvious that for the university students, ICT is playing an important role, enabling them to acquire the necessary competences and skills required in their studies and/or for the nowadays digital world, targeting also on helping them to be easily inserted in the labour market after finishing their studies. In this respect, in the frame of the Romanian Sectoral Operational Program for Human Resources Development 2007-2013, Valahia University Targoviste proposed the project entitled “EduWeb – New Competences Related to the Using of Multimedia, Web 2.0 and Virtual Instrumentation Applications – A Guarantee of University Degrees Quality”, which tried to provide to students extensive learning opportunities and specific competences, by promoting new and innovative courses in the field of multimedia and Web 2.0 applications, answering to their needs related to introducing in the curricula more ICT based disciplines or updating the contents of the existed ones, with the view to include information and activities that exploit open-source multimedia technologies and Web 2.0 tools. The paper tries to analyse the extent to which ICTs in general, and multimedia and web 2.0 tools in particular, are perceived by the university students as reliable keys for their success, but also as appropriate factors for acquiring new competences and skills that make them to be prepared for the labour market.

Drug-platelet agregation receptor interaction of pro and antiaggregants is only possible for a certain distribution of electron density in the molecule that generates electron-rich regions. Molecular electrostatic potential can be used to assess the cuantomolecular lipophilicity, because it characterizes the polarity of a certain region on the van der Waals surface of the molecule. Energy difference between the levels HOMO and LUMO is explaining the stability of the molecule, a low value indicating that the molecule is highly reactive, the most stable molecule is adrenaline. The tendency of donation – acceptance of electrons is described by electronegativity. Greater electronegativity is presented by thiol active metabolite of clopidogrel explaining bigger reactivity of this substance. In case of antagonism between proaggregant adrenaline and antiaggregant clopidogrel it was found that there is not an interaction between the two molecules but only competition for receptor.

To establish the ability of copolymer polyethylene-propylene solutions in SAE 10W mineral oil as solvent to perform at low and high temperatures in a vehicle’s engine that is their capacity to improve the oil viscosity index of their 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5 and 5.0 % solutions were determined two methods. The kinematic viscosities of the concentrated copolymer polyethylene-propylene solutions were determined using a set of Schott Ubbelohde-type viscometers selected according to the values of their constants and viscosities of solutions, so that the margins of the uncertainty, inherent in the Hagebach-Couette correction, does not exceed the error allowed for the measurements. Viscosity index is determined using the formula much higher than that determined by the software for all the solutions studied. Viscosity index of the solution copolymer polyethylene-propylene of 3.0 % concentration is 139.95 times lower than that, for of 3.5 % is 140.31 times higher than that, for of 4.0 % is 130.32 times higher than that, for of 4.5% is 140.33 times lower than and for of 5.0 % is 139.85 times lower than the one obtained with formula (1) according to ASTM D2270 standard.

The present paper verifies possible biorelevance for dissolution tests in gastric and intestinal simulated media for immediate release oral pharmaceutical formulation containing methotrexate, a large molecule polar compound, in terms of establishing in vitro– in vivo reliable correlations (IVIVC) and successful predicting the in vivo performance for tested formulations. Five dissolution media have been chosen to model composition of gastrointestinal tract contents before and after meal intake. Results indicated that pH changes during the transfer from simulated gastric to simulated intestinal fluid slightly increases methotrexate solubilisation, whereas presence of bile salts seems to have no significant effect on methotrexate release kinetics. In vivo pharmacokinetics was obtained after a single dose oral administration of 10 mg, methotrexate to 24 subjects in fasting conditions. Correlation between in vitro dissolution and in vivo absorption (Level A IVIVC) was not linear but fairly logarithmic for all dissolution experiments. A novel approach for development of IVIVC for immediate release formulations containing polar molecules correlates in vitro dissolution with in vivo elimination resulting a linear relationship. Evaluations implied that methotrexate case represents an example of possible extrapolation of in vitro in vivo correlations from extended release formulations in case of lipophilic drugs to immediate release formulations containing polar molecules.

Seedlings of Sinapis alba L. species (white/yellow mustard) were grown in nutrient solution containing different concentrations 50, 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg Cu for 10 days. Seedlings were measured and weighed at the end of the experiment. Leaf pigment concentration (chlorophylls a and b and carotenoids), tissular copper concentration and Biological Accumulation Coefficients (BAC) were determined. Copper content in Sinapis alba L. tissues reached 74.54 – 171.20 mg/kg dry mass, with highest values at high ambient concentration. BAC reached 1.49 at 50 mg/kg and was subunitary at higher concentrations, between 0.75 – 0.34. Shoot length and biomass emphasize a significant decrease at high ambient copper levels, while photosynthetic pigment concentrations did not decrease. These results indicate a limited tolerance of white mustard to high copper concentrations and a limited bioaccumulation potential of this metal.

Red peppers are rich in bioactive compounds (β-carotene, vitamin C) and other nutrients, thus they can also be consumed as a dehydrated product. The most used method of dehydration is the hot air convection method. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of convective dryness on the retention of bioactive compounds in order to obtain products with high biological value. The effects of air temperature (50, 60, 70 and 80 °C) on the retention of β-carotene and vitamin C in dehydrated red peppers were studied. The dehydration was carried out in a thermoregulable dryer with forced air circulation. The red peppers were dehydrated to a dry matter content of 90-93%. Fresh red pepper samples had an average content of 7.66 mg β-carotene / 100 g dry matter (DM), while β-carotene content in dried samples at 50, 60, 70 and 80 °C was 5.88, 4.06, 3.45, 4.62 mg / 100 g DM. Vitamin C retention in dehydrated products increases with the decrease of drying air temperature. The results obtained show that the convective drying with hot air at a suitable temperature can reduce the loss of β-carotene and vitamin C from dehydrated peppers.

A project called ECO-PRACT was implemented in 2017 to familiarize the students with several methods and techniques that are used to identify and classify species, monitor biological efficiency of the canopy in correlation with meteorological parameters, and map the mountain grasslands in the administrative territory of Fundata Village, Romania. Based on the field surveys, three groups of zonal grassland types were identified as follows: Agrostis capillaris with mesophilic character near villages, Agrostis capillaris with meso-xerophilic species on slopes, and Agrostis capillaris and other eutrophic grasses. Their forage potential varies from 1.7-2.1 t DM/ha (grasslands on slope and steep) to 5.7-6.2 t DM/ha (grasslands on quasi-flat lands used as hayfields). Consequently, the estimated grazing capacity ranges from 0.8-1.1 to 2.4-2.8 LSU/ha, respectively.

Assurance of a statistical and clinical significance to results of a clinical trial in the era of evidence based medicine is a complex analysis starting from establishing of end-points, hypothesis to be verified, risks α and β of type I and type II errors, and expected improvements of effects, measured by difference – Δ in selected endpoints. Ethic – nonethic in calculation of the number of subjects was discussed until now in context of “statistical risks” and in context of certitudes of conclusions from the point of view of inovator company, of investigator and finally of regulatory authorities. Patient is never entering in formulas. Paper put in evidence that critical factor in determining the size of experimental lots is the difference Δ, expected additional effect of the new treatment. Or, this factor is established mainly by Inovator Company and principal investigator and imply less the statisticians. So that long time passionate dispute between statisticians concernig the sample size remain mainly an academic problem. Actual decisions are established by company financial resources and regulatory authorities’ rigid rules. Final conclusion is that the essential ethical aspect, connected with the risk of patients is ignored by all stakeholders of clinical trials.

The unique features and physical properties of the ND4I has given an increased interest in the study of their lattice dynamics by using the present model modified three-body force shell model (MTSM), which includes van der Waals interactions, three-body interactions and second neighbour repulsive interactions into the framework of rigid shell model (RSM). Due to availability of experimental results on dispersion relations, combined density of states (CDS), Debye temperature and elastic property of ND4I has motivated to the author for the theoretical lattice dynamical study of ND4I.A Dispersion curve for translational phonons propagating in the high-symmetry directions of ND4I was determined by the elastic neutron scattering from single crystals. The discrepancies like observed phonon energies with general repulsive short-range forces, second-neighbors discrepancies in the PDC and some other anomalies, we have successfully explained through the present model. The merits of these models have performed with a critical comparison of theoretical and experimental results.

The capitalization of marine resources for therapeutic purposes is a desideratum which can bring about numerous advantages. Black Sea algae represent an important marine bioresource. They have represented an object of study in numerous published papers. The main prerequisite condition for the use of algae as a marine bioresource is the absence of contamination by polluting substances. The present paper studies polluting agents heavy metal content with a potential toxic effect (Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn).The method for heavy metal content determination was atomic absorption spectrometry. The studied algae included Cystoseira barbata, Ceramium rubrum, Ulva lactuca, Enteromorpha intestinalis, and Cladophora vagabunda, harvested from the Black Sea during June-August in two different years: 2016 and 2017. Comparisons in what regards the heavy metal content between the two years were made. The results obtained outline the low level of pollution of the algae biomass studied, in what regards heavy metal content.

Bone tissue sampled from a patient suffering from osteoarthritis was characterized using X-ray diffraction and nanoindentation. Structural and chemical analysis of bone and cartilage samples showed their crystalline and/or amorphous character, and presence of crystalline phases such as hydroxyapatite Ca5(PO4)3(OH), monetite CaHPO4 and brushite CaPO3(OH)·2H2O in various proportions was found. Nanometric crystallite sizes in the range of 1.68 to 17.61 nm were found in the crystalline phases identified in studied bones. Measurements of microhardness (2 MPa) and Young modulus (21 MPa) on cartilage samples along with the anatomical axis of the tibia showed one order differences compared to parameters of cartilage samples measured perpendicular to the long axis of the tibia (57 MPa for microhardness and 368 MPa for Young modulus). Correlations of measured parameters with orthopedic pathology were suggested.

Changes in structure, chemical composition and volume occurring in fusion welding have a decisive influence on the properties of welded joints. In this study, were performed microstructural and mechanical characterizations on weld 301 stainless steel.

The study presents a comparative analysis between the classic bipolar silicon junction transistor (BJT) and AlGaAs/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT), pointing out the benefits of the latter. The mathematical simulation of the specific physical processes in the two devices is accompanied by a numerical analysis using Matlab application. The computer analysis highlights the benefits of using HBT transistors, namely: static amplification factor with values of 1000-2000 and a transition frequency of 400-500 GHz.